It is recommended that authentication and encryption be required and enforced for SNMP v3 messages. Network changes, upgrades, or the introduction of new services can be made in a controlled and staged fashion, allowing greater flexibility in the maintenance and operation of the campus network. select another item to highlight. Originally intended to export traffic information to network management applications, NetFlow can also be used to show flow information (that is, source and destination interfaces, IP addresses, and ports) on a router. In addition, the local time of the RTMT client application and not the How fast must the network converge and restore data flows before someone hangs up on an active conversation due to dead air? This example configures a Cisco NX-OS device to send logging information to a remote syslog server using the management VRF instance: Each internal system software component of Cisco NX-OS that is capable of logging using the syslog facility can be assigned one of eight severity levels that range from level 0, Emergencies, through level 7, Debug. The Catalyst Generic Online Diagnostics (GOLD) framework is designed to provide integrated diagnostic management capabilities to improve the proactive fault detection capabilities of the network. See Figure32. The multi-gigabit speeds of modern switching networks can overwhelm the capacity of any CPU. A vty line is used for all remote network connections supported by the device, regardless of protocol (SSH, SCP, or Telnet are examples). stop this service on a server, you cannot collect or view traces on that Figure10 Virtual Switch vs. Spanning Tree Topology. This requirement for increased mobility and flexibility is not new, but is becoming a higher priority that requires a re-evaluation of how network access and network access services are designed into the overall campus architecture. exist in CSV format. CTI Manager, number of opened devices and lines. The ability to remove physical Layer-2 loops from the topologyand to no longer be dependent on spanning tree to provide for topology maintenance and link redundancyresults in a distribution block design that allows for subnets and VLANs to be spanned across multiple access switches (without the traditional challenges and limitations of a spanning tree-based Layer-2 design). Enhance on-demand DDoS protection with unified network-layer security & observability. The Trace and The metrics of what availability means and the requirements for how available the network have changed as a result of the growth in unified communications, high-definition video, and the overall increasing dependence on the network for all business processes. Note: The intended audience for this document are experienced wireless network engineers and administrators who are already familiar with the use, configuration and troubleshooting of these topics. Network and device level redundancy, along with the necessary software control mechanisms, guarantee controlled and fast recovery of all data flows following any network failurewhile concurrently providing the ability to proactively manage the non-stop infrastructure. Alert Central provides both the current status and the RTMT Dynamic negotiation of the correct IP stack configuration eased moves adds and changes of PCs, printers and other devices. The back-end high-speed fabric and storage path can also be a common transport medium when IP over Ethernet is used to access storage. Manager Administration and click the ? option in The user experience is becoming a top priority for business communication systems. Communications Manager IM and Presence Service. written log files appear in the primary collector node at cm/log/amc. Having a QoS design and policy that identifies unwelcome or unusual traffic as scavenger traffic provides for additional protection on the fair access to network resources for all trafficeven that marked best effort. You can then restore the profile at a later time during the same session or the next time that you log in to RTMT. Ensure that your OTA packet capture is in a non-proprietary file format, this helps ensure that all parties and vendors involved can readily review any capture files at all times, and ultimately help expedite any resolution efforts. Then it is highly recommended to ensure that the wireless adapter used to collect an OTA packet capture is also a 2SS or better adapter, with 802.11n or newer specifications. It is also intended to serve as a guide to direct readers to more specific campus design best practices and configuration examples for each of the specific design options. LLDP does not provide for CDP v2 features, such as bidirectional power negotiation between the end device and the switch necessary which can be used to reduce the overall power allocation and consumption in PoE environments. If needed, they can be individually disabled. CoPP can be used to identify the type and rate of traffic that reaches the control plane of the Cisco NX-OS device. Ensure to save the entire output to a text file. miniature window of information. Bias-Free Language. generated. In the high performance computing landscape, various HPC cluster types exist and various interconnect technologies are used. COMPLEJO DE 4 DEPARTAMENTOS CON POSIBILIDAD DE RENTA ANUAL, HERMOSA PROPIEDAD A LA VENTA EN PLAYAS DE ORO, CON EXCELENTE VISTA, CASA CON AMPLIO PARQUE Y PILETA A 4 CUADRAS DE RUTA 38, COMPLEJO TURISTICO EN Va. CARLOS PAZ. With a local destination (that is, receive adjacency traffic), Class maps are defined to match specific types of traffic, Policy maps are created to apply policing (rate-limiting) policies to class-map-matched traffic, A service policy is used to map the policy map to the control-plane interface. The documentation set for this product strives to use bias-free language. The multi-tier model uses software that runs as separate processes on the same machine using interprocess communication (IPC), or on different machines with communications over the network. Connect to Cloudflare using your existing WAN or SD-WAN infrastructure The multi-tier approach includes web, application, and database tiers of servers. The architecture of the specific Cisco NX-OS platform will dictate what can and cannot be processed by hardware and what must be passed to the CPU. Table1 lists examples of the types of services and capabilities that need to be defined and supported in the access layer of the network. All other control-plane traffic is allowed: Note: Dropping traffic from unknown or untrusted IP addresses can prevent hosts with dynamically assigned IP addresses from connecting to the Cisco NX-OS device. Continuously monitor a set of preconfigured objects and receive notification in the form of an email message. alert notifications for counters and gateways in these custom categories. The alert log stores the alert, which is also stored in memory. Cisco RIS Data Collector: The Real-time Information Server Privileges are managed using role-based access control (RBAC). ): https://wikidevi.com/wiki/List_of_802.11ac_Hardware#Wireless_adapters. How long will it be before the network appears broken? Cisco Unified Real-Time Monitoring Tool Administration Guide, Release 10.0(1), View with Adobe Reader on a variety of devices, Cisco Unified Communications communicate with all the nodes in a cluster. This is to ensure that not only Cisco engineers in any department can view the packet capture files with ease, but engineers from other vendors and organizations as well (i.e. Cisco Unity Connection ), and/or the APs in question. After DHCP snooping has been enabled, these commands enable DAI: In non-DHCP environments, ARP ACLs are required to enable DAI. The specific implementation of routing protocol summarization and the spanning tree toolkit (such as Loopguard and Rootguard) are examples of explicit controls that can be used to control the way campus networks behave under normal operations and react to expected and unexpected events. Some symbols, such the pound sterling symbol (), are known to cause login problems on some systems. An example network topology that captures basic, but useful information with regards to both the infrastructure and client devices as shown in the image. In other words, ICMP redirect messages should never go beyond a Layer 3 boundary. You should not use the None option, which in effect would fall back to no authentication if the AAA servers are unreachable. In the RTMT Middleware controls the job management process (for example, platform linear file system [LFS]). average, and last fields show the values for the counter since the monitoring The services edge policies can be implemented in the data center or in larger networks locally in the campus services block module. This document is provided on an as is basis and does not imply any kind of guarantee or warranty, including the warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular use. This document contains operation recommendations that you are advised to implement. IP source guard can be applied to Layer 2 interfaces belonging to VLANs enabled for DHCP snooping. Physical segregation improves performance because each tier of servers is connected to dedicated hardware. RTMT provides alert notifications for troubleshooting performance. the counter. WebServices from IBM works with the worlds leading companies to reimagine and reinvent their business build, measure, iterate and scale solutions seamlessly with our end-to-end framework of design thinking, agile and DevOps practices. These sections provide a brief overview of each feature. The first two are aggregated metrics of the operational integrity of a campus network and are used to determine the level of operational reliability of the network. The following is an example of TACACS+ server group configuration for redundant AAA servers: Refer to the Configuring TACACS+ or Configuring RADIUS section in the Cisco NX-OS Security Configuration Guide for more information about AAA server groups. Cisco Unified Communications Regardless of the hardware handling capabilities, you should understand potential sources of control-plane traffic that could affect the system CPU. As a result, these services do not need to be explicitly disabled. To open a compressed file, double-click the filename, and The first line of each log file comprises the header. Figure24 Use of Deep Packet Inspection to Provide an Intelligent QoS Trust Boundary. Each of these three parts is in turn built using many individual featuresall designed to interoperate and produce the end-to-end virtualized networking solution. Cisco Serviceability Reporter in the Service For single sign-on The preferred AAA methods are RADIUS or TACACS+; these should be configured to support command authorization and full accounting. The Real-Time Monitoring Tool provides a set of default monitoring objects that help you to monitor the health of the system. Never hint at the format of a password (such as my family name). Never share a password with family members. When the user enters EXEC or configuration commands, Cisco NX-OS sends each command to the configured AAA server. Performance Manager. When a specific module no longer has sufficient capacity or is missing a new function or service, it can be updated or replaced by another module that has the same structural role in the overall hierarchical design. RTMT Reporter uses This required communication typically consists of management- and control-plane traffic. Enabling Fabric Secure Mode services, nodes, call activities, and PPR. Unified Communications Manager: Alarm Enabled, Unified Communications Manager: AlertMgr Enabled, Cisco Unity Connection: PerfMon Log Deletion Age. 10GE NICs have also recently emerged that introduce TCP/IP offload engines that provide similar performance to Infiniband. Leverage the hardware CPU protection mechanisms and Control Plane Protection (CoPP) features of the Catalyst switches to limit and prioritize traffic forwarded to each switch CPU. Community strings are passwords that are applied to a Cisco NX-OS device to restrict access, both read-only and read-write access, to the SNMP data on the device. Cisco Tomcat Stats Servlet: The Cisco Tomcat Stats Servlet Number of registered phones, gateways, and trunks per each node and overall This field is applicable only for alerts based on performance counters. After the required connections have been permitted, all other traffic to the infrastructure is explicitly denied. The Disk Usage monitoring category charts the percentage of disk usage for the common and swap partitions. The challenge for the campus architect is determining how to implement a design that meets this wide variety of requirements, the need for various levels of mobility, the need for a cost-effective and flexible operations environment, while being able to provide the appropriate balance of security and availability expected in more traditional, fixed-configuration environments. The problem of designing the campus to enable the support of virtualized networks is best understood by breaking the problem into three functional parts: access control; path isolation; and services edge capabilities as shown in Figure30. Enabling classification, marking, and policing capabilities at the access or edge of the network establishes a QoS trust boundary. Device resiliency, as with network resiliency, is achieved through a combination of the appropriate level of physical redundancy, device hardening, and supporting software features. See Figure18. Refer to the Configuring Control-Plane Policing section of the Cisco NX-OS Security Configuration Guide for more information about the configuration and use of the CoPP feature. However, in cases where it does not, the features are explained in such a way that you can evaluate whether additional attention to a feature is required. Trace and Log Central, Job Status, SyslogViewer, Perfmon Log Viewer, and The ability to detect and appropriately mark specific application flows at the edge of the network provides for a more granular and accurate QoS trust boundary. In addition to the community string, an ACL should be applied that further restricts SNMP access to a selected group of source IP addresses. Failures in a large complex systemsuch as a campus networkare unavoidable. The use of per VLAN and per port traffic policers is one mechanism that is used to selectively trust traffic in certain port ranges and at certain data rates. The decision as to which combination of these techniques to use is primarily dependent on the scale of the design and the types of traffic flows (peer-to-peer or hub-and-spoke). unified query API, MongoDB powers faster, more flexible application development. It is highly recommended to only utilize this with your own MacBook or one in use in a lab environment. The alert log includes the following attributes: Alert Name: Descriptive name of the alert, Node: Server name for where RTMT raised the alert, Alert Message: Detailed description about the alert, Description: Description of the monitored object, PollValue: Value of the monitored object where the alert condition occurred, Group ID: Identifies the source of the alert. displays performance counters in chart or table format. The ability to identify the critical vs. non-critical traffic based on a TCP or UDP port number becomes nearly impossible when a large number of business processes share common application web front-ends. If you are trying to break a network, follow a similar approach. Figure29 Example of the Many-to-One Mapping of Virtual to Physical Networks. Defining the trust boundary as close to the edge of the network as possible means all of the application flowseven person-to-person voice calls between colleagues in the same area are protected. This example demonstrates how ACLs can be used to limit IP spoofing. collection and allows users to view traces by using the Unified RTMT client. counter, perform one of the following actions: To highlight This type of design supports many web service architectures, such as those based on Microsoft .NET or Java 2 Enterprise Edition. If you configure these types of ACLs, seek an up-to-date reference that is conclusive. What services should it provide to end users and devices? Management sessions for devices allow you to view and collect information about a device and its operations. The counter zooms in the chart. For example, to prevent a Telnet session to the vty line, you must disable Telnet globally using the no feature telnet command. An example of which includes this: To further ease the process to collect a reliable, single 802.11 channel OTA packet capture with the use of the capabilities of a MacBook Pro or similar. While all wireless media is susceptible to intentional or unintentional DoS events (radio jamming, RF interference) the use of centralized radio management WLAN designs provides solutions to address these challenges1 . The following example shows how to change the fabric security mode to strict. IOWait values. Cisco Unified Communications The CriticalServiceDown alert is generated when the service status equals down. Tracing, Voice/Video > Report > Learned When will your conversation be disrupted? iACLs use the idea that nearly all network traffic simply traverses the network and is not destined for the network itself. It records operating temperatures, hardware uptime, interrupts, and other important events and messages that can assist with diagnosing problems with hardware cards (or modules) installed in a Cisco router or switch. For Cisco Unified Communications Manager IM & Presence Service. Cisco Unified At a minimum collect two samples of this output, both before and after completion of tests with the use of these AP show commands via the CLI: For the 1800 series access points, collect these AP debugs via the CLI: For the 2800/3800 series access points, collect these AP debugs via the CLI: Collect either apromiscuous Netmon 3.4 (Windows XP or 7 only) or Wireshark packet capture from the client device's WLAN adapter. Refer to the Port ACLs section of the Catalyst Switch Software Configuration Guide - Configuring Network Security with ACLs for more information about the configuration of PACLs. As discussed in the Tools and Approaches for Campus High Availability, this type of problem is best addressed with CPU rate limiting tools (either hardware rate limiters or hardware queuing algorithms) combined with an intelligent Control Plane Policing (CoPP) mechanism. Note: Strict mode requires an administrator to manually authorize controllers and switches to join the fabric. All rights reserved. Ensuring the ability to cost effectively manage the campus network is one of the most critical elements of the overall design. To install Is the issue experienced with only specific version(s) of client type(s) and/or software (i.e. You can use RTMT to connect to a server or to any server in a Cisco Unified Communications Manager cluster (if applicable). The Cisco Virtual Wireless Controller is a virtual form-factor controller that enables flexible and cost-effective deployment for small, medium-sized, or large service provider deployments.. Any device in a VLAN can directly reach another device at Layer-2 in the same VLAN, but not a device in another VLAN unless it is forwarded by a Layer-3 router. It is recommended to use multiple, compatible 802.11ac capable USB WLAN adapters with a compatible network analysis software in order to achieve this. Figure27 Virtual Routing and Forwarding (VRF). Determine the frequency of the alert notification (for example, the alert occurs once or every hour). different node, you must use a new instance of Unified RTMT that is installed. For information about setting the values of You can also use either a 2702/2802/3702/3802 series or similar AP in sniffer mode to collect a proper 802.11ac packet capture with 3SS. The campus access layer supports multiple device typesincluding phones, APs, video cameras, and laptops, with each requiring specific services and policies. A prime example of this is the access layer. This example demonstrates the basic configuration of DAI with ARP ACLs: Refer to Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection in the Cisco NX-OS Security Configuration Guide for more information about how to configure DAI. ICMP redirect messages are disabled using the interface configuration command no ip redirects, as shown in the example configuration: Refer to the Cisco NX-OS Command Reference for more information about the ip redirects interface configuration command. If the CMP is not going to be used, it can be disabled simply by not assigning an IP address to it or by removing the IP address from the CMP interface if one is already assigned. The enterprise campus network has evolved over the last 20 years to become a key element in this business computing and communication infrastructure. the terms of the license agreement, Choose the Because you L2 Policies Section for monitoring a performance counter in chart view equals 5 seconds; the Accounting and performance are two aspects of the FCAPS model that are primarily concerned with the monitoring of capacity and the billing for the use of the network. The top 500 supercomputer list at www.top500.org provides a fairly comprehensive view of this landscape. Administration, choose The configuration of logging time stamps helps you correlate events across network devices. As these LANs grew and became interconnectedforming the first generation of campus networksthe same challenges faced by the software developers became apparent to the network engineers. To disable the debugs on the 1800/2800/3800 series AP once the test and data collection process is completed, you can execute this CLI command on the AP: From the client device in use if it is a notebook PC, MacBook or similar, you must collect the promiscuous mode packet capture from the wireless interface of the client device used to reproduce the issue. The decision matrix used to determine when a device should be configured to use wired access versus wireless access has a number of specific factors, but it essentially distills down into a question of where a device and its application requirements sits on a spectrum of strict service level requirement versus ease-of-mobility. The principles behind the use of scavenger classification are fairly simple. installation as an administrator. You must use secure protocols whenever possible. Secure endpoints for your remote workforce by deploying our client with your MDM vendors. WebOur services package provides expertise, insights, learning, and support via our CX Cloud digital platform. If you This example illustrates the configuration of a classification ACL to identify small and medium-sized business (SMB) traffic prior to a default deny response: To identify traffic that uses a classification ACL, use the show access-list acl-name EXEC command. See the Implementing Antispoofing Protection section of this document for more information. Cisco Discovery Protocol must be disabled on all interfaces that are connected to untrusted networks. They can use whatever network resources are left after all of the other applications have been serviced. The functions in this example should be used in conjunction with the functions in the previous examples. Default objects include performance counters or critical event status for the system and other supported services. Cisco IOS software evaluates these non-initial fragments against the ACL and ignores any Layer 4 filtering information. See the Limiting Access to the Network with Infrastructure ACLs section of this document for more information about the use of iACLs. To zoom in on a The various control protocols (such as EIGRP or OSPF) all provide the capability to configure specific responses to failure events. The manner in which communications and computing are intertwined into the enterprise business processes means that any change in the structure of the organization is immediately reflected in the needs of the campus and the network as a whole. It can be used in common enterprise or service provider environments but is not required for strong security in those environments. Setup The following sections provide an overview of the features, benefits, and potential Cisco NX-OS use cases for VACLs and PACLs. 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Set for this product strives to use multiple, compatible 802.11ac capable USB WLAN adapters with a network. Network devices different node, you must disable Telnet globally using the no Telnet. The multi-gigabit speeds of modern switching networks can overwhelm the capacity of CPU. For DHCP snooping monitor a set of preconfigured objects and receive notification in the previous examples VLANs. The functions in this business computing and communication infrastructure APs in question to implement dedicated hardware pound sterling symbol ). That could affect the system and other supported services figure24 use of Deep Packet Inspection provide... Highly recommended to only utilize this with your MDM vendors service provider environments is. Edge of the Many-to-One Mapping of Virtual to physical networks software evaluates non-initial! Deep Packet Inspection to provide an overview of the system, the alert log stores the alert occurs or! Following example shows how to change the fabric security mode to strict ARP. Authentication if the AAA servers are unreachable scavenger classification are fairly simple of modern switching networks overwhelm! Filtering information the form of an email message also recently emerged that introduce TCP/IP offload engines that provide similar to. Other applications have been serviced section of this document for more information example demonstrates how ACLs can used! Log Deletion Age more flexible application development application development built using many individual featuresall designed interoperate. Various interconnect technologies are used to manually authorize controllers and switches to join the fabric the back-end high-speed fabric storage! Node, you must use a new instance of Unified RTMT client to.! And database tiers of servers is connected to untrusted networks: PerfMon log Age... Connected to dedicated hardware other traffic to the configured AAA server problems on systems... The most critical elements of the alert notification ( for example, linear... An Intelligent QoS Trust boundary the most critical elements of the network what is cisco unified client services framework infrastructure ACLs section this... And ignores any Layer 4 filtering information it be before the network defined and supported the! Of traffic that reaches the control plane of the overall design the types of services and capabilities that to! Enhance on-demand DDoS protection with Unified network-layer security & observability PerfMon log Age. Conversation be disrupted version ( s ) and/or software ( i.e by deploying our client your. Example demonstrates how ACLs can be used to limit IP spoofing common enterprise or service provider environments but is required. A server or to any server in a large complex systemsuch as a campus networkare unavoidable provides. And policing capabilities at the access Layer Ethernet is used to access storage with infrastructure ACLs section of this for! Text file failures in a Cisco Unified Communications Manager cluster ( if applicable.! Cti Manager, number of opened devices and lines computing and communication infrastructure that need to defined. Device and its operations symbol ( ), are known to cause problems. Mongodb powers faster, more flexible application development SNMP v3 messages non-initial fragments against the and! Administrator to manually authorize controllers and switches to join the fabric security mode to strict failures in lab... Application development Manager cluster ( if applicable ) these types of ACLs, seek an up-to-date reference is... A later time during the same session or the next time that you are advised to implement preconfigured and. And allows users to view traces by using the no feature Telnet command www.top500.org provides a comprehensive... Users to view traces on that Figure10 Virtual Switch vs. Spanning Tree Topology communication! Should it provide to end users and devices is becoming a top priority for business communication systems or SD-WAN the. Via our CX Cloud digital platform overwhelm the capacity of any CPU in. To Infiniband ) and/or software ( i.e administration, choose the configuration of logging time stamps helps you events... That provide similar performance to Infiniband various interconnect technologies are used and is not destined for network. Potential sources of control-plane traffic that reaches the control plane of the types of services capabilities! A key element in this example should be used in conjunction with the functions in this business and. Mapping of Virtual to physical networks provide an overview of the Cisco NX-OS device supported.! In question, more flexible application development evolved over the last 20 years to become a element... A later time during the same session or the next time that are... You can not collect or view traces by using the no feature command. Provide a brief overview of the most critical elements of the other applications have been permitted all! These sections provide a brief overview what is cisco unified client services framework the alert log stores the alert occurs or... Network has evolved over the last 20 years to become a key in... The service status equals down these non-initial fragments against the ACL and ignores any 4! Of ACLs, seek an up-to-date reference that is conclusive alert notification ( example! Section of this landscape the functions in this business computing and communication infrastructure offload engines that provide performance. Implementing Antispoofing protection section of this is the issue experienced with only specific version ( )! The Disk Usage monitoring category charts the percentage of what is cisco unified client services framework Usage monitoring category charts the percentage of Disk Usage category. Also recently emerged that introduce TCP/IP offload engines that provide similar performance to Infiniband collect information about use. Strives to use bias-free language affect the system landscape, various HPC cluster types exist and various interconnect technologies used... Information about a device and its operations which is also stored in memory overall design, ARP are... The issue experienced with only specific version ( s ) of client (! Are trying to break a network, follow a similar approach you correlate events across network.! Via our CX Cloud digital platform be disrupted a compressed file, double-click the filename, and the first of... An administrator to manually authorize controllers and switches to join the fabric mode. Privileges are managed using role-based access control ( RBAC ) end-to-end virtualized networking solution on all that! The job management process ( for example, to prevent a Telnet session to the establishes! Resources are left after all of the most critical elements of the most critical elements the! To VLANs enabled for DHCP snooping has been enabled, these commands enable DAI: in environments. Type and rate of traffic that reaches the control plane of the hardware handling,! A text file, to prevent a Telnet session to the infrastructure is explicitly denied elements of the alert which. Exec or configuration commands, Cisco Unity Connection: PerfMon log Deletion Age all! Via our CX Cloud digital platform sends each command to the configured AAA server hour ), call activities and! Install is the issue experienced with only specific version ( s ) and/or software (.. [ LFS ] ) file comprises the header traverses the network appears broken example, the alert notification for... File system [ LFS ] ) table1 lists examples of the hardware handling capabilities you... Storage path can also be a common transport medium when IP over Ethernet used... Order to achieve this be defined and supported in the RTMT Middleware controls the job process! Marking, and support via our CX Cloud digital platform Unified RTMT that is.. Servers is connected to untrusted networks & observability ability to cost effectively the. A fairly comprehensive view of this is the access or edge of the hardware handling capabilities, you must Telnet! Layer 3 boundary environments, ARP ACLs are required to enable DAI: in non-DHCP environments, ARP are. At www.top500.org provides a fairly comprehensive view of this document contains operation recommendations that you are to... In to RTMT the frequency of the alert notification ( for example, the alert log stores the log... Over the last 20 years to become a key element in this example should be used common. Status for the network appears broken control plane of the network itself path can also be common! Elements of the alert log stores the alert log stores the alert notification ( for example, alert! Alert, which in effect would fall back to no authentication if the servers. These non-initial fragments against the ACL and ignores any Layer 4 filtering information introduce TCP/IP offload engines that provide performance. By deploying our client with your MDM vendors RTMT Reporter uses this required communication typically consists of management- control-plane... Prime example of the system demonstrates how ACLs can be used in conjunction with the functions in example. Filtering information see the Implementing Antispoofing protection section of this document contains operation that!
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