hth. No. I dont really get into arguments with my fellow developers over this point, but it is still good to mention. Love podcasts or audiobooks? I will suggest to use HTTP GET with query parameters. Also, I will not put /user in the URL until I have a good reason for it. The main data representation in REST is referred to as a resource. Having /users/{username} and /users/{user-id} wouldnt seem too illogical though (but on the other hand: whats the purpose?). xMatters uses this strategy, and so do DevOps teams at Facebook, Twitter, Airbnb, and many more. Search criteria should be public information, so if youre searching on something that is not public, you might want to take another look at your requirements. The below example we have to support another response format we have to add another url, for e.g. (It is just one example). In addition, you would like to avoid causing confusion by avoiding abbreviations or shorthand as well. When naming your URIs, it is advised to use nouns instead of verbs or adjectives. e.g. > A POST should always create a new resource where a PUT replaces an existing one. Or /v2/suppliers/code ? To be RESTful, I divided the code for each of them. The use case is that the same resource path has the option to go via two different paths. There is always a chance that new functionality will be added or some changes will have to be done to your APIs. Ensure that you use lowercase letters in your API URLs. Its also possible to have only numeric IDs. Refresh the page, check Medium 's site status, or find something interesting to read. If you look at the https://api.example.com/users/1234 link, the 1234 is the userId here. https://roy.gbiv.com/untangled/2008/rest-apis-must-be-hypertext-driven. What changes is the last part, where we are defining different resources. Something along the lines access-management/roles/{ids}/acls. Your entire request should go via HTTPS anyway, so both the URL and the headers and the body would be encrypted. Here is the summary of Naming conventions. Hi there, Thanks for this rules list. When I have a product and a pricing domain and want to search for a product priced by pricing, how do I determine the uri? However, in this article, we are going to talk about REST or RESTful only. For pagination, check out http://otac0n.com/blog/2012/11/21/range-header-i-choose-you.html which I think is an elegant solution. Use the plural name to denote the collection resource archetype. In the above example, we used temperature to access temperature information. I will have a separate API for returning the status of long-running jobs submitted from any API in the system. I think the better option will be GET http://documents/{document-id}/document-links?type=YOUR-TYPE&version=YOUR-VERSION Ps. This part covers best practices to name REST API endpoints. Option 1 creates ambiguity by duplication of the same products noun in the path, whereas option 2 and 3 appear to be over worded just to get around the problem of option 1 and not addressing the fact that its essentially a Product API that deals with product resources. How do I get the uri to retrieve a product with id 1 priced through pricing A? Hi, Great article, but i have a question. In the case of trousers and sunglasses, they don't seem to have a singular counterpart. If pointing to an address is the answer, then a shortened URL is also doing a good job. Always attempt to version your APIs. For a set of product ids, pass them as query parameter to filter i.e. Naming an API resource may be a combination of 2 or three words. When resources are named well, an API is intuitive and easy to use. Video created by Meta for the course "APIs". . REST has much more flexibility compared to the previous generation of web services, namely SOAP. Video created by for the course "APIs". But thats always seemed a little hack-y and I dont like that it imposes restrictions on how I might want to organize my URLs in the backend. Let's dive into API REST architecture! In your API suggestions you list HTTP GET access-management/roles/{id}/acls and access-management/acls separately. RESTing sequel. URIs should only be used to uniquely identify the resources and not any action upon them. Onlineabschluss Bachelor- und Master-Abschlsse erkunden; . GET /jobs/{job-type}/status Returns the status of the job. Get to know RESTful API development. Get to know RESTful API development. POST /jobs/{job-type} Creates an instance of a job and it gets processed by an asynchronous job handler in the backend. A RESTful API would allow the retrieval of the checkout resource via, "GET http://api.example.com/cart-management/users/{id}/cart/checkout". How could you do if you wanted an API that has the following functions with differents QueryString/ ParameterString/ Body/ Headers in a Messaging App? These two are often confused and I have personally encountered it before. locations, IP ranges etc. OK, so not to use verbs, but what about adjectives? Would be better to replace the first URI by https://api.mycollegesite.com/courses/curriculum/2019/fall or https://api.mycollegesite.com/curriculum/courses/2019/fall. Any information that can be named can be a resource: a document or image, a temporal service (e.g. Use consistent resource naming conventions and URI formatting for minimum ambiguity and maximum readability and maintainability. I think it is convenient to use only Post and Get. Create - using /resources with POST method (observe plural) at some places using /resource (singular) Update - using /resource/123 with PUT method Get - Using /resource/123 with GET method I'm little bit confused about this URI naming convention. Would GET api/course/populated=[university,university.city] work fine? Here are the 5 basic design guidelines that make a RESTful API: Resources (URIs) HTTP methods HTTP headers Query parameters Status Codes Let's go over each one and explain a bit. You are talking about the current team, then delete the user from the team. Again, that in itself already goes against the intuitive naming convention. How can I get the filtered list of managed-devices with the name contains a string, HTTP GET http://api.example.com/device-management/managed-devices?title|like=phone. /api.example.com/device-management/managed-devices/{device-id} /api.example.com/user-management/users/{id} /api.example.com/user-management/users/admin, then in the example for the document resource there should be something like: [java] http://api.example.com/user/{user-id} [/java], I think the document notation is that http://api.example.com/device-management/. There you define the routes individually or by using groups to form a hierarchy, including variables like {id} in your example. rest-apis-must-be-hypertext-driven seems like a fixed resource name to me. Is it RESTful to use URI with query parameters for performing a POST/PATCH to a subset of a collection? Or please share an example if there is a gap. Id rather use as an easy to implement solution, GET /documents?type=YOUR-TYPE&version=YOUR-VERSION&fields=links HTTP/1.1 Host: api.example.org, which means give me only the field links from all the documents you can find of a certain type and of a particular version, Nice post on the available standard options https://www.freshblurbs.com/blog/2015/06/25/api-representations-prefer.html, or you could use odata standard query approach, https://www.odata.org/getting-started/basic-tutorial/. It is recommended to use query parameters for REST API Filters and Sort. And I will not be able to offer any suggestion without context. This could be done by a different client, or by someone maintaining your code (on purpose or by mistake). You could even use /users/{numeric-userid} and /users/roles/{role-id} on the same api if you wanted to. REST API design patterns do exist, and you can benefit by adopting them. Otherwise, in option 2, anybody could call the manager API and still create cars for others. I have a very common question which I cant seem to find the answer for. A properly named resource makes an API simple to use and intuitive. That also look OK to me. header, to determine how to process the bodys content. A collection resource is a server-managed directory of resources. Building a REST API with Spring is a step-by-step guide to building RESTful APIs. I mean, this completely goes against the intuitive, clear naming guideline that we talked about earlier. Use singular name to denote document resource archetype. What do you think would be a good way to go? You can use JSON object to send data to the API. bookmarks) again and again over the time. Refresh the page, check Medium 's site. This guide will help you understand the REST fundamentals of building RESTful web services. I have not come across such a discussion. If thats the case, only use of having customers/{Id}/ as prefix in URI would be while adding a new account. For example, if /device-management/managed-devices has two hierarchies, then how many hierarchies in /device-management/managed-devices/{id}? Remember the API endpoint and its response is the GUI. I am curious to know why you want to count the number of layers in the URI. Not really. Someone has to name those URLs. Separating words with hyphens will be easy for you and others to interpret. File extensions look bad and do not add any advantage. Hi Nick & Red, I also pay attention to this question. So your /check API will run the checks and submit the progress to a JMS topic. What do you thing about =>page 4 Resource Archetype Document /users/0987/settings. Of course that also imposes some additional limitations like prohibiting numeric and duplicate usernames. This includes the course title, description, number of credits, pre-requisits etc. 3 Best Traits of REST API Architecture Design. The business requirement changes the noun used. I was looking at the usage of .htaccess. In which case we can we use POST on a Document archetype? Rather I will go for /roles/{roleName} e.g. How dynamic of a user experience are you wanting when selecting the older/previous document-templates ? It was developed alongside HTTP and is most commonly used over HTTP. Think about naming the class file Shoe or Shoes. You could do /v2/suppliers/id/{id} /v2/suppliers/code/{code}. Do you have any other suggestions? What should I name my api if I want to populate some fields? [java]http://www.mywebsite.com/my-project/data?fields=name,age,group[/java]. So, how do you tackle this? First URI: Courses seems to be the collection and year & semester are filters. It will be confusing for the users and technically complex. Ideally, the name has to be something that represents a whole. Whenever we have case sensitive information going with lowercase is the safer option. Now, if the URL is as follows: It simply looks funny. or still two? An identifier SHOULD NOT contain acronyms. Some of the popular frameworks add extensions to the URL. I have a question regarding the rest api. No! There are four common ways to version a REST API. The URI would would be https://api.mycollegesite.com/courses/2019/fall, At the same time, you want to access the courses for which a particular student has registered for fall 2019. Here is another example of an unclear one when trying to get the first name of a user: fn looks weird and not intuitive at all because it can be misinterpreted as function if you are as nerdy as me. There are basically ten guidelines that you can follow to make your API endpoints better: They do seem very simple to follow, but they are what can make your endpoints look better. Thank you for a very interesting article. However, if after creation, I would like to select a particular batch (and all associated records) and send data, would I use PUT, i.e. From my point of view, option 3 works the best: http://api.example.com/product-service/v1/products Other alternatives: http://api.example.com/catalog-service/v1/products http://products.example.com/api/v1/products. It would be nice if there was a universally recognized Person class that I could extend to meet my needs. But now I want to get the check result to do subsequent operationHow do I name the GET API. if role is client the ownerid must be equal to assignerId if not the client could be hacking the API request. Service names should be syntactically valid DNS names (as per RFC 1035) which can be resolved to one or more network addresses.The service names of public Google APIs follow the pattern: xxx.googleapis.com.For example, the service name of the Google Calendar is calendar.googleapis.com.. access-management/roles/{id}/acls, However, I want to receive all roles in one request and the response to be then able to return ACLs for all roles. If I were you, I would reconsider your stance on other HTTP verbs and study their purpose before committing to another non-REST, HTTP based API structure simply for convenience. Whatever you choose, be consistent with the choice. They are unnecessary and add length and complexity to URIs. For example I have this /groups/{id} resource I want to clone, but there is no such method or similar in HTTP, I could just use POST /groups/{id} with the fetched data of the group I want to clone but If I want to execute that in just one action, so I add /groups/{id}:clone . So try to avoid using characters like %20 in your naming, as those have other meanings already. Instead of using word delimiters /api/crm-customers. Finally, these APIs is RESTful? Imagine that you introduce these special characters into your naming. A POST should always create a new resource where a PUT replaces an existing one. If you use hypermedia in API, syle of URI all the more doesnt matter for clients or users. // change his password + Suggest: /auth/password, For getting devices, If you are admin, it should be: + GET: /devices // get all devices + GET: /users/{id}/devices // get devices of a user But if you are a user, who get his device + GET /auth/devices, Because we shouldnt add {id} in this path and verify {id} again with token. You can think of a store as a shopping cart. Example: AB/124747 / B1 => in your request: [emailprotected] @ B1 => after reading it from your request, transform it back to: AB/124747 / B1, Couldnt you just URL encode your id? I got a doubt nowfor I am doing an upgrade operation now. Some examples of a resource are: and their resource URIs can be designed as below: For more clarity, lets divide the resource archetypes into four categories (document, collection, store, and controller). The parameter then gets parsed within your script. REST APIs are a powerful tool that is widely used by systems to communicate and exchange information according to the Representational State Transfer (REST) architectural pattern. Not just at the end of the url, avoid extensions anywhere in the url. The actual URI naming conventions you use are immaterial, just use whatever you think looks nice and is easy for you to parse on the server. I dont know if this approach is RESTful: 1- something.com/api/admins/some-resource 2- something.com/api/businesses/some-resource 3- something.com/api/users/some-resource, I would be more than happy to get some RESTful ideas, thank you . Also, a direct noun like users is understandable and clear. Now, a resource can have a lot of data, so plural nouns make more sense. REST APIs use a stateless request model. 2) accountIds in both URIs can be different numbers. and end_date attributes <p> filter=creation_date gt 2001-09-20T13:00:00 and creation_date le 2001-09-21T13:00:00 and and post_code eq 3000 - return a collection of resources where the creation date is greater than 2001-09 . For roles Id use another way so no one gets confused. This way, users can access the current document-template always at /versions/current and if they require older versions they can simply select from a list of previous versions at /document-template/versions. [csharp] /leaderboard/{frontend}/packages/{packagename} [/csharp], I have a requirement where within the hierarchical data one of the resource is a collection instead of single id. For managing URIs in a RESTful API written in PHP I recommend Slim Framework. I think I picked up the incorrect example. REST API is an API that follows a set of rules for an application and services to communicate with each other. -- Phil Karlton. Deddy Tandean 123 Followers An avid engineer, loves to build be it software or hardware. The use of file extensions is simply seen as unnecessary in URIs. perhaps the uri needs more clarity as to the context under which the user is relevant (system user, app user, account user, etc.).. So you have /users/{userId}/accounts and /users/{userId}/address, therefore /users/{userId} is also a directory even though it only represents a singular resource, not a collection. This article covers two important best practices for REST and RESTful APIs: Naming conventions and API Versioning. Forward slashes are used to show the hierarchy between individual resources and collections. What happens when in your example we go to /playlists/3/songs/7/history? MyModel.java . The RFC 3986 specification for URI standards also denotes that URIs are case-sensitive (except for the scheme and host components of the URL). When I think about this, it is more like names that use common sense. Service names. In this case my scope would be groups:clone. I doesnt understand why the author mention PATCH and DELETE on an archetype collection also? You can provide an upgrade path without making any fundamental changes to the existing APIs by versioning your APIs. Query strings help us handle different requests on the same URL. If a job name is known, pass it as the job-type. Also you havent mentioned which HTTP method should be called for the controller pattern but if it is GET then you are changing state via a method that should be idempotent. POST: api/v1/tickets/message // Single message POST api/v1/tickets/messages // Multiple message. Maybe you can use a specific parameter to denote that the parameter is to be used for region field existence, e.g : region={exist} and then when parsing the query string, identify it with special processing in your API. PUT /items/{id}/priority sounds good enough to me. In fact, in your later controller examples, you used singular nouns (cart and playlist) for store as well: http://api.example.com/cart-management/users/{id}/cart/checkout http://api.example.com/song-management/users/{id}/playlist/play. It is recommended to use versioning when building your APIs, as you never know when the next revision of your APIs will be. This table explains how interacting with resources through HTTP methods. Now, for the naming convention, it is advisable to use camelCase instead of others. https://developers.facebook.com/docs/graph-api/ https://api.slack.com/methods https://www.flickr.com/services/api/ https://core.telegram.org/methods https://developer.twitter.com/en/docs/api-reference-index.html. I know if I come across a partners API that uses POST for every operation I tend to roll my eyes and it gives me the impression that they dont quite know what theyre doing. How to define the number of layers, whether the parameter in the path are counted as one layer. RPC-based APIs are great for actions (that is, procedures or commands). Allow both ways to access for clients depending on the need. Same for /leaderboard/{frontend}/{packagename}. The other one sending multiple message to my service. However, take note that it is actually not necessary to place a forward slash at the very end. Resources (URIs) Names and Verbs To describe your resources, use concrete names and not action verbs. If they have multiple emails, always designate one as primary. Resource is Prime All REST principle and architecture style has a Resource at his heart. The Elasticsearch REST APIs are exposed over HTTP. For eg., one of my resource is grouped by 2 tokens. Hi, Great article, but I have a question. How can I get the filtered list of managed-devices? When designing an API, sometimes you need an input that is queried directly from the URL or known as a query string. It is supposed to be stateless isnt it. Additionally avoid verb-noun combinations: hyphenated, snake_case, camelCase. Next, URI does not limit the scope of what might be a resource; rather, the term resource is used in a general sense for whatever might be identified by a URI. The value of this header must map to one of the supported formats that the API supports. Advertisements Token one can have many other tokens. Though not very widely used. The URLs that you have typically encountered have the following syntax: Well, you get what I mean. In my interface I have a list of vehicles names and checkbox next to each of them. /users/{userId}/ to get and set email. Avoid uses of verbs in the resource. The query string is can be seen as a filter on the resource. That is exactly I will do in my application using Laravel if I have that similar case. Adjectives can be part of the query string. It should be accept 1 to N messages. JSON,. Is it a good solution? My mentor advises me not to use verbs, but nouns. REST APIs use Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) to address resources. Really helpful article, thank you for taking your time and writing this. See stackoverflow rest RESTEasy cutting trailing slash off @Path at https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15196698/rest-resteasy-cutting-trailing-slash-off-path. We have to see Shoes as a singular entity. Also, avoid extensions to display response content type. This is usually a database primary key in our case. 1. todays weather in Los Angeles), a collection of other resources, a non-virtual object (e.g., a person), and so on. Get all courses only field university and city, order descending by city: GET api/courses?_fields=university,university.city&_sort=-university.city, http://api.example.com/song-management/users/{id}/playlists. So it should look something like this: By doing so, if the API is being used by external entities, changing the endpoint will not really affect the existing ones. Thanks for sharing your thoughts. Pick your identifier and stick with it. What should be resource identifier? Obviously versions naming can be changed to whatever is more appropriate and I am just using it here to help communicate my point. If you need to keep the /, just replace it with something else for your request, as Admin suggested, and then when you retrieve it, parse it and replace that other symbol with / again. 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